How To Stop Procrastinating (According to Science)


Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more

The recipe for getting things done

It's hard to motivate when it's cold outside, summer seems so far away and it's the dreariest of months. Luckily, research has some tips on how to boost your motivation.

Procrastination is not about time management — it's about emotional regulation.

When we avoid a task, we're not being lazy; we're escaping an uncomfortable feeling (anxiety, boredom, self-doubt, fear of failure). The procrastination brings immediate relief, creating a 'procrastination loop'.

So how do we end this loop?

  • Do the first, smallest step. The hardest moment isn't the work itself, but shifting into the uncertainty of how to start. (What should this newsletter be about? Oh, look, Wordle!) To make the shift easier, choose just one small task. (I'm going to look at questions readers have emailed me! That's easy!)
  • Have a 'procrastination list'. Sometimes we need a break. So I always have a list of tasks that need to get done (rent a car for Florida, see what concerts are coming up) that feel like a mini-break, but also need to happen.
  • Engage in 'temptation bundling': Pair an unpleasant task with something genuinely enjoyable. (I hate running, so I watch action movies on the treadmill. I highly recommend Extraction 2 — and by 'recommend' I mean there is no discernible plot, but lots of explosions to distract you from the pain in your knees.)

The right kind of to-do list matters

When Harvard scientists tested four different approaches to improving focus and productivity, they found the best method was the “do one thing approach".

It's okay to have a long list of tasks — a 'memory list'.

But that should not be your to-do list. Studies show it triggers a 'need for cognitive closure': You're likely to choose an easy but unimportant item from the list because it makes you feel so good to cross it off as done.

Research says there's a better way. Each morning, create a to-do list with just one entry: The most important thing for that day. That's it.

If you get that done, you can look at your memory list, and use it to write a new to-do list, with (again) just one entry. The goal is to force yourself to make a choice and do the most important task (rather than chasing the thrill you get from immediate but meaningless busy-ness.)

Other miscellaneous suggestions:

Studies show if you have a strong view of your future-self, you'll procrastinate less, save more money, and behave more ethically. The key is vividness: Imagine what it feels like to finish that project, or cross the finish line, or close that deal. Spend a few minutes writing down, or imagining, what it sounds like, what you're dressed in, the specific emotions — and you'll find motivation increasing.

Or just work alongside someone else, even virtually. "Body doubling" — working in the presence of another person, even without interacting — has been a staple of ADHD communities for years. You don't have to talk to each other — just knowing someone is there, also working, activates dopamine pathways linked to motivation.

Finally, try a little self-compassion, rather than self-criticism. One study found that students who forgave themselves for procrastinating on a first exam subsequently procrastinated less on the second one. But students who were hard on themselves showed no such improvement. Why? Because self-criticism triggers shame and anxiety — which reinforces the procrastination loop. So take it easy on yourself, and figure out the first, small step for next time.


How do you stop yourself from procrastinating? Let me know in the comments!

Were you forwarded this message? Sign up for my newsletter

If you enjoyed my books, please consider writing a review. (They work!)

The Science of Better

This is a newsletter about the science of living better, by the author of The Power of Habit and Supercommunicators. It's a brief newsletter with advice, rooted in science, that helps us all get a little better at life.

Read more from The Science of Better

Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more. Focus! Focus! Focus! Wanna stay laser-focused at work? (Does fasting really help? What about exercise? And how do you feel about Megadeth?) What's actually happening inside my head when I focus? There's been some pretty weird methods for maintaining focus. Demosthenes shaved half his head, but only half, so he was too embarrassed to leave his desk. Victor Hugo wrote naked so he wasn't tempted to leave his room. Maya Angelou's house was filled...

Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more. Put me to bed or lose me forever! Having trouble falling asleep? Waking up in the middle of the night? Fear not! Science has solutions! A quick note: This newsletter, now in video! If you enjoy The Science of Better, I'd love to invite you to subscribe to my new YouTube channel. The first video is live now: → STOP TRYING TO BREAK YOUR BAD HABITS (THE REAL FIX) ← I'll be posting new videos each week on topics like 'Life Advice That Sounds Good But...

Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more. Help me make the right choice! And how do I get my kids / spouse / coworkers to stop making dumb ones? Sometimes we make choices that, in retrospect, don't seem so wise once we're trapped in a playground structure. What happens inside our decision-making brain is kind of ... weird. When researchers looked at how pilots, military officers, firefighters and surgeons made decisions, they found four distinct methods: Intuitive (go with your gut),...